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--- products:sbc:common:install-os:install-os-into-external-storage [2022/07/01 09:20]
nick
+++ products:sbc:common:install-os:install-os-into-external-storage [2026/02/03 04:59] (current)
gray update by using AI
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 <WRAP important >
-You can only install a generic image into the external storage. If you install other images to the external storage, then the image will not bootup correctly.
+Only **generic** OS images can be installed to external storage. Attempting to install other image types (e.g., eMMC-specific images) will result in a failure to boot.
 </WRAP>
+There are several methods to install an OS onto external storage, such as a ''TF card'' or ''USB drive''.
-There are several ways to install the OS into the external storage, e.g. ''TF card'', ''USB storage'', etc.
+===== Install with Etcher (Recommended) =====
-  * [[https://www.balena.io/etcher/|Etcher]] has a user-friendly GUI for beginners, and it is compatible with Mac, Windows and Linux. Simply select an image and it will automatically identify your flash drive and burn the image. **(Recommended)**
+[[https://www.balena.io/etcher/|Etcher]] provides a user-friendly graphical interface suitable for beginners and is compatible with macOS, Windows, and Linux. Simply select your OS image file, and Etcher will automatically detect your removable drive and write the image.
 {{:products:sbc:common:install-os:etcher.gif|}}
-  * Alternatively, utilise the ''dd'' command from within the Ubuntu Terminal:
+===== Install with command line =====
-```bash
+For advanced users, you can use the ''dd'' command from a terminal (e.g., in Ubuntu).
-$ sudo dd if=/path/to/image of=/dev/sdX bs=8M
+```shell
+$ sudo dd if=/path/to/image of=/dev/sdX bs=1M && sync
 ```
+<WRAP important >
+**Caution:** Replace ''/dev/sdX'' with the correct device node for your external storage (e.g., ''/dev/sdb''). Using the wrong device node can overwrite your system disk.
+</WRAP>

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